In 1841-1925 Henry Fayol , the father of modern management started functional approach to the management.He considered about the whole organization rather than consider about individuals.In 1916 Henry Fayol established a book called " Industrial and General Administration " with 14 principles to manage the organization. He believed managers could be taught to become successful, once they understand the basic functions and principles of management.
According to Henry Fayol , there was 5 Management Functions.
- Planning
- Organizing
- Commanding
- Coordinating
- Controlling
- Technical
- Commercial
- Financial
- Accounting
- Security
- Managerial Activities
According to Henry Fayol 14 principles of Management are,
- Division of work
- Discipline
- Authority and responsibility
- Subordination of Individual Interest to General Interest
- Remuneration
- Centralisation
- Order
- Equity
- Initiative
- Esprit De Corps
- Stability of Tenure
- Unity of Direction
- Scalar Chain
- Unity of Command.
- Physical Qualities
- Mental qualities
- Moral qualities
- General education
- Special knowledge
- Work Experience
- The theory is a management oriened theory and did not consider about worker's problems.
- Administrative management did not give attention to informal groups and organization.it was only considered about the formal organizational structure.
- Some concepts were borrowed from military science but tried to apply for business and social organization.
- The approach was a mechanical approach.It did not consider about main aspects like motivation,communication and leading.
Because of the criticisms of classical approach neo-classical approach introduced to the management...